Why do spitting cobras spit venom?

The spitting mechanism is actually an adaptation, which protects spitting cobras, from predators larger than themselves. When threatened, these cobras eject a spray of venom into the eyes of their predator, with incredible accuracy! The spray, although not fatal, causes temporary blindness, which if not treated, results in permanent blindness. Spitting cobras are not particularly muscular, and do not have the strength to squeeze and kill large prey. Their fangs are small and if they bite, they need to hold on to their prey for a long time, before it dies. If they bite a large predator, they will have to bite it and wait till it dies. In this struggle of holding on to larger prey, if the prey gets loose, it can kill the spitting cobra, even after injecting the venom. This is because the venom takes time to kill the predator. Thus, it is important for the spitting cobra to disable its predator, as quickly as possible. Ashe's spitting cobra also commonly known as the large brown spitting cobra, is the largest species of spitting cobra found in world today. Its venom is considered to be the most poisonous of all spitting cobras, and has the capacity to inject twice the amount of venom, any snake can inject in one bite. One bite has enough venom to kill 25 to 30 people.

From how long the crocodile species on Earth?

Crocodilians are from Archosaur family which ruled the earth in Cretaceous period - also known as the Age of Reptiles. Near about 220 million years ago they divided into two evolutionary lines - one into crocodiles and another into dinosaurs and birds. Along with the dinosaurs and some of those first birds, many crocodilian species have gone extinct.  Deinosuchus is an ancient and also the largest crocodilian, growing up to 15 metres . This cold blooded animal has adapted perfectly on land and water making it a successful species of the time. Today, crocodiles and birds are the only remaining Archosaurs. The crocodile doesn’t possess jaw to cut the fresh of the prey they bite the preys body and rotate around itself to tear the fresh.

How much percent of iceberg is visible to us?

An iceberg is a large piece of freshwater ice that has broken off from a glacier or ice shelf and is floating in open water. The word iceberg comes from the Dutch term ijsberg which means “ice mountain”. Near about 90 percent of the total iceberg is inside the water and only the top of the ice mountain is visible. Glaciers form on land as the result of snow accumulation over thousands of years. Icebergs are created when the edge of a glacier advances into the ocean and breaks off in pieces. Icebergs are really white. This color is created by white light reflecting off tiny air bubbles trapped in the ice. There are also some antiseptic-blue overtones to it and a whole spectrum of green where the iceberg descends into the ocean. When iceberg ice melts quickly, the bubbles released from it make a sound like soda water fizzing. The melting rate of the iceberg is increasing due to global warming. If the entire ice melt in the polar regions the sea level will increase upto 7 meters.

Are sea snakes poisonous in nature?

The sea snakes have evolved from terrestrial ancestors, most are extensively adapted to a fully aquatic life and are unable to move on land. Most of the sea snakes are poisonous in nature so good suggestion is to handle ever sea snakes with much caution. They can remain submerged for as long as a few hours, possibly depending on temperature and degree of activity. Bites of sea snakes are usually painless and may not even be noticed when contact is made. Teeth may remain in the wound. There is usually little or no swelling, and it is rare for any nearby lymph nodes to be affected. The most important symptoms are rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue and paralysis. Paralysis of muscles involved in swallowing and respiration can be fatal. After 3–8 h, myoglobin as a result of muscle breakdown, may start to show up in the blood plasma, which can cause the urine to turn a dark reddish, brown, or black color, and eventually lead to acute renal failure. After 6-12 h, severe muscle breakdown, can lead to cardiac arrest or even to death in some cases.